This kit explores the architecture of blood vessels – veins, arteries and capillaries – that circulate blood to, from and within the brain.

Aneurysm

An aneurysm is an abnormal bulge or ballooning in the wall of a blood vessel. 

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA)

Artery Walls

Each artery is a muscular tube lined by smooth tissue and has three layers: the intima, the inner layer lined by a smooth tissue called endothelium; the media, a layer of muscle that lets arteries handle the high pressures from the heart; the adventitia, connective tissue anchoring arteries to nearby tissues.

This muscular layer helps maintain the pressure of the blood so that the furthest regions of your brain can get a steady stream of blood.  The cells that make up the wall of the artery are not static.  In fact, these cells are constantly growing and remodelling in response to the pressure from the blood within it to attempt to maintain, as much as possible, a smooth cylindrical shape.

Basilar Artery

Supplies the midbrain, cerebellum, and usually branches into the posterior cerebral artery.

Blood

Blood–Brain Barrier (BBB)

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable border of endothelial cells that prevents solutes in the circulating blood from non-selectively crossing into the extracellular fluid of the central nervous system where neurons reside.

Capillaries

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessel sin the body. They diffuse oxygenated or deoxygenated blood as well as nutrients and waste through thin walls of endothelial cells (one cell in thickness) to and from tissue cells. Capillaries carry blood between veins and arteries. In the brain, they are also the primary site of oxygen and nutrient exchange.  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53086  

Cerebral Artery-Anterior

Cerebral Artery-Middle

Circle of Willis

The arteries deliver oxygenated blood, glucose and other nutrients to the brain and the veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart, removing carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and other metabolic products. The anterior communicating, anterior cerebral, internal carotid, posterior communicating, posterior cerebral, and basilar arteries are all part of the Circle of Willis.

Confluence of Venous Sinuses

Interior Sagittal Venous Sinus

Internal Carotid Artery-Right

Arteries transport oxygenated blood from the heart to your brain (and other organs). They are the largest blood vessels in the body. Blood is carried to the brain by two paired arteries, the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.

Internal Carotid Artery-Left

Ischemic Stroke

Ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks or narrows an artery leading to the brain. A blood clot often forms in arteries damaged by the buildup of plaques (atherosclerosis). It can occur in the carotid artery of the neck as well as other arteries. This is the most common type of stroke.

Jugular Veins

Pial Arteries / Vessels

The pial vessels are intracranial arteries on the surface of the brain. “The pial arterial vasculature of the cerebrum consists of smaller distal arteries and arterioles that cover the cerebral cortical surface, and connects the branches of the three major supplying arteries of the cerebrum—the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries—with the penetrating intracortical arterioles… “ https://elifesciences.org/articles/71186 

Pontine Branches

The pontine branches are the small arterial branches of the basilar artery that supply the pons and structures adjacent to the pons.

Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA) 

Posterior Communicating Artery 

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA)

Sigmoid Venous Sinuses

Superior Cerebellar Artery (SCA)

Superior Sagittal Venous Sinus

Straight Venous Sinus

Superior Vena Cava

Vein of Galen 

Vein Walls

Veins transport deoxygenated blood towards the heart. While arteries walls have layered muscle tissue, veins have thinner walls of muscle tissue and use valves to keep your blood flowing.

Vertebral Artery-Left

The internal carotid arteries supply the anterior (front) areas and the vertebral arteries supply the posterior (back) areas of the brain.  After passing through the skull, the right and left vertebral arteries join together.

Vertebral Artery-Right

Quantity: 30 Vials

Model: CIR

Note: Ergopathics test kits are not intended to diagnose, prevent, treat or cure any disease, disorder or abnormal physical state.  The vials contain ethanol and water and the process used to imprint them with electromagnetic signatures has not been tested or validated by any scientific method and is not approved by any regulatory authority.  They are intended for use solely by qualified providers to support wellness and manage stress.